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1.
J. bras. pneumol ; 45(5): e20180032, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012574

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the accuracy of chest auscultation in detecting abnormal respiratory mechanics. Methods: We evaluated 200 mechanically ventilated patients in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery. We assessed respiratory system mechanics - static compliance of the respiratory system (Cst,rs) and respiratory system resistance (R,rs) - after which two independent examiners, blinded to the respiratory system mechanics data, performed chest auscultation. Results: Neither decreased/abolished breath sounds nor crackles were associated with decreased Cst,rs (≤ 60 mL/cmH2O), regardless of the examiner. The overall accuracy of chest auscultation was 34.0% and 42.0% for examiners A and B, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of chest auscultation for detecting decreased/abolished breath sounds or crackles were 25.1% and 68.3%, respectively, for examiner A, versus 36.4% and 63.4%, respectively, for examiner B. Based on the judgments made by examiner A, there was a weak association between increased R,rs (≥ 15 cmH2O/L/s) and rhonchi or wheezing (ϕ = 0.31, p < 0.01). The overall accuracy for detecting rhonchi or wheezing was 89.5% and 85.0% for examiners A and B, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting rhonchi or wheezing were 30.0% and 96.1%, respectively, for examiner A, versus 10.0% and 93.3%, respectively, for examiner B. Conclusions: Chest auscultation does not appear to be an accurate diagnostic method for detecting abnormal respiratory mechanics in mechanically ventilated patients in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a acurácia da ausculta torácica na detecção de mecânica respiratória anormal. Métodos: Foram avaliados 200 pacientes sob ventilação mecânica no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca. Foi avaliada a mecânica do sistema respiratório - complacência estática do sistema respiratório (Cest,sr) e resistência do sistema respiratório (R,sr) - e, em seguida, dois examinadores independentes, que desconheciam os dados referentes à mecânica do sistema respiratório, realizaram a ausculta torácica. Resultados: Nem murmúrio vesicular diminuído/abolido nem crepitações foram associados à Cest,sr reduzida (≤ 60 ml/cmH2O), independentemente do examinador. A acurácia global da ausculta torácica foi de 34,0% e 42,0% para os examinadores A e B, respectivamente. A sensibilidade e a especificidade da ausculta torácica para a detecção de murmúrio vesicular diminuído/abolido e/ou crepitações foi de 25,1% e 68,3%, respectivamente, para o examinador A, versus 36,4% e 63,4%, respectivamente, para o examinador B. Com base nos julgamentos feitos pelo examinador A, houve uma fraca associação entre R,sr aumentada (≥ 15 cmH2O/l/s) e roncos e/ou sibilos (ϕ = 0,31, p < 0,01). A acurácia global para a detecção de roncos e/ou sibilos foi de 89,5% e 85,0% para os examinadores A e B, respectivamente. A sensibilidade e a especificidade para a detecção de roncos e/ou sibilos foi de 30,0% e 96,1%, respectivamente, para o examinador A, versus 10,0% e 93,3%, respectivamente, para o examinador B. Conclusões: A ausculta torácica não parece ser um método diagnóstico acurado para a detecção de mecânica respiratória anormal em pacientes sob ventilação mecânica no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Auscultation/methods , Respiratory Mechanics , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Reference Values , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests , Observer Variation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
2.
Bull. W.H.O. (Online) ; 97(5): 318-327, 2019. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1259942

ABSTRACT

Objective To determine the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in urban and rural Uganda and to identify risk factors for these diseases. Methods The according to standard guidelines and completed questionnaires on respiratory symptoms, functional status and demographic characteristics.The presence of four chronic respiratory conditions was monitored: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, chronic bronchitis and a restrictive spirometry pattern. Findings In total, 1502 participants (average age: 46.9 years) had acceptable, reproducible spirometry results: 837 (56%) in rural Nakaseke and 665 (44%) in urban Kampala. Overall, 46.5% (698/1502) were male. The age-adjusted prevalence of any chronic respiratory condition was 20.2%. The age-adjusted prevalence of COPD was significantly greater in rural than urban participants (6.1 versus 1.5%, respectively; P<0.001), whereas asthma was significantly more prevalent in urban participants: 9.7% versus 4.4% in rural participants (P<0.001). The age-adjusted prevalence of chronic bronchitis was similar in rural and urban participants (3.5 versus 2.2%, respectively; P=0.62), as was that of a restrictive spirometry pattern (10.9 versus 9.4%; P=0.82). For COPD, the population attributable risk was 51.5% for rural residence, 19.5% for tobacco smoking, 16.0% for a body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 and 13.0% for a history of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.Conclusion The prevalence of chronic respiratory disease was high in both rural and urban Uganda. Place of residence was the most important risk factor for COPD and asthma


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/epidemiology , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Rural Population , Uganda , Urban Population
4.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 37(4): 498-506, oct.-dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888494

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Las enfermedades respiratorias derivadas de la exposición a material en partículas, como sucede en la minería del carbón, continúa siendo un reto investigativo en el país y un problema de salud pública. La espirometría es una prueba de la función respiratoria, fundamental para el diagnóstico y la vigilancia de este tipo de enfermedades pulmonares crónicas. Objetivo. Determinar los valores de la espirometría en la población minera de carbón del municipio de Paipa, y su asociación con la edad y el tiempo de exposición laboral. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se diligenció el cuestionario de enfermedad respiratoria ocupacional de la American Thoracic Society (ATS), se registraron las mediciones de la espirometría y se interpretaron siguiendo las recomendaciones internacionales. Resultados. La muestra incluyó 226 trabajadores de minas de carbón de Paipa; en 12,3 % (n=28) de ellos se registraron alteraciones leves, de tipo obstructivo o restrictivo. En 35 % (n=80) hubo disminución de la relación entre la capacidad vital forzada y el volumen espirado en el primer segundo (CVF/VEF1 ). Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el rango de edad (p=0,002) y los años de trabajo minero (p=0,34), además de trastornos restrictivos y obstructivos. Asimismo, hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el rango de edad (p<0,01) y los años de trabajo minero (p<0,01), de diferente seriedad en el patrón de las mediciones de la espirometría. Conclusiones. La espirometría es una prueba útil para detectar la presencia de trastornos respiratorios en la población minera del carbón. La enfermedad respiratoria en estos mineros estuvo significativamente asociada con el tiempo de exposición.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Respiratory diseases resulting from exposure to particulate matter such as in coal mining remains a research challenge in this country and a public health issue. Spirometry is a basic test of fundamental respiratory function for the diagnosis and monitoring of these types of chronic lung diseases. Objective: To determine spirometric values in the coal mining municipality of Paipa and their association with age and occupational exposure times. Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study. The occupational respiratory disease questionnaire of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) was completed while spirometric measurements were performed and interpreted in accordance with international recommendations for conducting the test. Results: The sample consisted of 226 coal mining workers of the municipality of Paipa. Twenty-eight subjects (12.3%) of the sample showed patterns of obstructive and restrictive respiratory disease with mild degrees of severity. Eighty subjects (35%) showed a decrease in the forced vital capacity ratio/expiratory volume in one second (FVC/FEV1 ). A statistically significant association between age range (p=0.002) and years of mining work (p=0.34) with the development of restrictive and obstructive disorders was found. Also, there was a statistically significant association between age range (p<0.01) and years of mining work (p<0.01) with various degrees of severity of the spirometric pattern. Conclusions: Spirometry is a useful test for detecting the presence of respiratory disorders in the population of coal miners. The time of exposure was significantly associated with the respiratory disease exhibited by these miners.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Spirometry , Coal Mining , Occupational Diseases/physiopathology , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Smoking/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Occupational Exposure , Age Factors , Colombia/epidemiology , Cough/diagnosis , Cough/physiopathology , Cough/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Dyspnea/diagnosis , Dyspnea/physiopathology , Dyspnea/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology
5.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 25: e2954, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-961146

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the manifestation of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnoses of ineffective breathing pattern and impaired spontaneous ventilation, of the NANDA International and the defining characteristics identified in the literature for the concept of "ventilation" in adult patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit with use of oxygen therapy. Method: clinical diagnostic validation study, conducted with 626 patients in intensive care using oxygen therapy, in three different modalities. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to verify the discriminative capacity of the defining characteristics and latent class analysis to determine the diagnostic accuracy of them, based on the severity level defined by the ventilatory mode used. Results: in the multiple correspondence analysis, it was demonstrated that the majority of the defining characteristics presented low discriminative capacity and low percentage of explained variance for the two dimensions (diagnoses). Latent class models, separately adjusted for the two diagnoses, presented a worse fit, with sharing of some defining characteristics. Models adjusted by level of severity (ventilation mode) presented better fit and structure of the component defining characteristics. Conclusion: clinical evidence obtained in the present study seems to demonstrate that the set of defining characteristics of the two nursing diagnoses studied fit better in a single construct.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar como se manifestam as características definidoras dos diagnósticos de enfermagem padrão respiratório ineficaz e ventilação espontânea prejudicada, da NANDA Internacional, e as características definidoras identificadas na literatura para o conceito "ventilação", em pacientes adultos hospitalizados em unidade de terapia intensiva com uso de oxigenoterapia. Método: estudo de validação clínica diagnóstica, realizado com 626 pacientes em terapia intensiva em uso de oxigenoterapia, em três modalidades distintas. A análise de correspondências múltiplas foi utilizada para verificação da capacidade discriminativa das características definidoras e a análise de classe latente para determinação da acurácia diagnóstica das mesmas, com base no nível de gravidade definido a partir do modo ventilatório empregado. Resultados: na análise de correspondências múltiplas, demonstrou-se que a maioria das características definidoras apresentou baixa capacidade discriminativa e baixo percentual de variância explicada para duas dimensões (diagnósticos). Modelos de classe latente, ajustados para os dois diagnósticos, separadamente, apresentaram pior ajuste com compartilhamento de algumas características definidoras. Modelos ajustados por nível de gravidade (modo de ventilação) apresentaram melhor ajuste e estrutura das características definidoras componentes. Conclusão: evidências clínicas obtidas no presente estudo parecem demonstrar que o conjunto de características definidoras dos dois diagnósticos de enfermagem estudados melhor se ajustam em um único constructo.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar cómo se manifiestan las características definidoras de los diagnósticos de enfermería "patrón respiratorio ineficaz" y "ventilación espontánea perjudicada", de la NANDA Internacional; y también las características definidoras identificadas en la literatura para el concepto "ventilación", en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en unidad de terapia intensiva con uso de oxigenoterapia. Método: estudio de validación clínica diagnóstica, realizado con 626 pacientes en terapia intensiva en uso de oxigenoterapia, en tres modalidades distintas. El análisis de correspondencias múltiples fue utilizado para verificación de la capacidad discriminadora de las características definidoras y el análisis de clase latente para determinación de la precisión diagnóstica de las mismas, con base en el nivel de gravedad, definido a partir del modo de ventilación empleado. Resultados: en el análisis de correspondencia múltiple, se demostró que la mayoría de las características definidoras presentó baja capacidad discriminadora y bajo porcentaje de variancia explicada para dos dimensiones (diagnósticos). Los modelos de clase latente, ajustados para los dos diagnósticos, separadamente, presentaron peor ajuste en el caso de compartir algunas características definidoras. Modelos ajustados por el nivel de gravedad (modo de ventilación) presentaron mejor ajuste y estructura de las características definidoras componentes. Conclusión: las evidencias clínicas obtenidas en el presente estudio parecen demostrar que el conjunto de características definidoras de los dos diagnósticos de enfermería estudiados se ajustan mejor en un único constructo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Respiration Disorders/therapy , Nursing Diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies
7.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 54(3): 192-199, May-Jun/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-714808

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar pacientes com LES estável, sem comprometimento respiratório evidente, por meio do TC6M. Casuística e métodos: Foram recrutados 45 pacientes com LES estável. Foi utilizado o protocolo ATS/ERS para TC6M, tendo sido escolhidos dois parâmetros com pontos de corte. Resultados: Quarenta e dois dos pacientes eram mulheres.A média de idade foi 39 ± 11,4 anos; a duração média da doença, 121 ± 93,1 meses; valor médio de MRC 2 ± 0; CVF média 85,9 ± 34,2%; VEF1 médio 67,5 ± 21,6%; PIM média 82 ± 58,4%; PEM média 78 ± 37,3%; frequência cardíaca média em repouso 75 ± 12,8 bpm; frequência respiratória média em repouso 19 ± 5,3 bpm; distância média no TC6M 478 ± 82 m; SpO2 média em repouso 98 ± 0,8%; queda média em SpO2 4 ± 6 pontos. Quando a população em estudo foi dividida de acordo com o valor de corte de 400 m de distância caminhada, a frequência cardíaca imediatamente antes do teste foi significativamente menor naqueles participantes que caminharam menos de 400 m (p = 0,0043), da mesma forma que o valor da escala de Borg (p = 0,0036). De acordo com a presença de saturação ≥ 4, a frequência cardíaca ao final do teste estava significativamente mais elevada naqueles participantes exibindo dessaturação (p = 0,0170); PEM (p = 0,0282) e TC6M (p = 0,0291) estavam significativamente menores e PIM revelou uma tendência para diminuir (p = 0,0504). CVF < limite inferior do normal foi achado significativamente associado com o grupo com dessaturação (p = 0,0274). Conclusão: Comparado com TC6M, a dessaturação foi o indicador mais apropriado para localizar os pacientes com os índices mais comprometidos nos testes de função respiratória. .


Objective: Evaluate SLE stable patients, without overt respiratory compromise, by means of 6MWT. Casuistic and methods: Forty-five stable SLE patients were enrolled. The ATS/ERS protocol for 6MWT, was used and two parameters with cut-off points were chosen. Results: Forty-two patients were women. The mean age was 39 ± 11.4 years; mean duration of disease, 121 ± 93.1 months; mean value of MRC, 2 ± 0; mean FVC, 85.9 ± 34.2%; mean FEV1, 67.5 ± 21.6%; mean MIP, 82 ± 58.4%; mean MEP, 78 ± 37.3%; mean heart rate at rest, 75 ± 12.8 bpm; mean respiratory rate at rest, 19 ± 5.3 bpm; mean 6MWD, 478 ± 82 m; mean SpO2 at rest was 98 ± 0.8%; mean fall in SpO2, 4 ± 6 points. When the study population was divided according to the 400-m walk distance cut-off value, the heart rate immediately before the test was significant lower in those participants who walked less than 400 m (p = 0.0043), just like the value of Borg scale (p = 0.0036); according to the presence of saturation ≥ 4, heart rate at the end of the test was significantly higher in those participants who were showing desaturation (p = 0.0170); MEP (p = 0.0282) and 6MWD (p = 0.0291) were significantly lower, and MIP showed a tendency towards being smaller (p = 0.0504). FVC < normal inferior limit was significantly associated with the group with desaturation (p = 0.0274). Conclusion: Compared to 6MWD, desaturation was better suited to find the patients with the most compromised indexes in respiratory function tests. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Exercise Test/methods , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Time Factors
9.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 34(4): 137-145, dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-704311

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou validar os resultados de enfermagem selecionados a partir da ligação NOC-NANDA-I (Nursing Outcomes Classification - North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - International) para os diagnósticos Padrão Respiratório Ineficaz e Ventilação Espontânea Prejudicada em unidade de terapia intensiva. Estudo de validação de conteúdo, realizado em hospital universitário brasileiro, com 15 enfermeiros com experiência clínica e conhecimento das classificações. Os instrumentos continham escalas Likert de cinco pontos para atribuição do julgamento quanto à importância de cada resultado (1ª etapa) e indicador (2ª etapa) aos diagnósticos. Calcularam-se as médias ponderadas considerando: 1= 0; 2 = 0,25; 3 = 0,50; 4 = 0,75 e 5 = 1. Os Resultados sugeridos pela NOC com médias superiores a 0,8 foram considerados validados, assim como os indicadores. Validaram-se os resultados Estado Respiratório - permeabilidade das vias aéreas (Padrão Respiratório Ineficaz) e 11 indicadores, e Resposta à ventilação mecânica: adulto (Ventilação Espontânea Prejudicada), com 26 indicadores.


This study aimed to validate the results of Nursing selected from the link NANDA-I-NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification - NANDA - International) for diagnosis Ineffective Breathing Pattern and Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation in adult intensive care unit. This is a content validation study conducted in a university hospital in southern Brazil, with 15 expert nurses with clinical experience and knowledge of the ratings. The instruments contained five-point Likert scales to rate the importance of each outcome (1st step) and indicator (Step 2) for the diagnoses studied. We calculated weighted averages for each outcome / indicator, considering: 1 = 0. 2 = 0.25, 3 = 0.50, 4 = 0.75 and 5 = 1. The outcomes suggested by the NOC with averages above 0.8 were considered validated, as well as the indicators. The results Respiratory State - airway permeability (Ineffective Breathing Patterns) and 11 indicators, and Response to mechanical ventilation: adult (Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation) with 26 indicators were validated.


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo validar los resultados de enfermería seleccionados en el enlace de NOC-NANDA-I (Nursing Outcomes Classification - NANDA -International) para los diagnósticos Estándar Respiratorio Ineficaz y Ventilación Espontanea con Discapacidad en la unidad de cuidados intensivos para adultos. Este es un estudio de validación de contenido realizado en un hospital universitario en el sur de Brasil, con 15 enfermeros expertos con experiencia clínica y el conocimiento de las votaciones. Los instrumentos contenían escalas Likert de cinco puntos para el premio de juicio en cuanto a la importancia de cada resultado (Paso 1) y el indicador (Paso 2) de los diagnósticos estudiados. Se calcularon promedios ponderados para cada resultado / indicadores, teniendo en cuenta: 1 = 0, 2 = 0,25, 3 = 0,50, 0,75 y 4 = 5 = 1. Los resultados sugieren la Nursing Outcomes Classification con promedios por encima de 0,8 se considera validado, así como indicadores. Validado el resultado Respiratorio Estado - permeabilidad vía aérea (Estándar Respiratorio Ineficaz) y 11 indicadores, y la Respuesta a la ventilación mecánica: Adulto (Ventilación Espontánea con Discapacidad) con 26 indicadores.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Critical Care Nursing , Respiration Disorders/nursing , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nursing Diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(3): 146-152, mar. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668758

ABSTRACT

Objective It was study the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and forced vital capacity (FVC) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) versus healthy subjects. Methods Pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength [maximal inspiratory (PImax), maximal expiratory (PEmax) and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP)] were assessed in patients with ALS and healthy subjects, matched using cutoffs established in the literature for impaired pulmonary function and respiratory muscle weakness. Results Twenty-eight ALS patients and 28 healthy subjects were studied. We found sensitivity and specificity for PImax, PEmax and SNIP of 75/58%, 81/67% and 75/67%. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC curve) indicated that the variables PImax, PEmax and SNIP can identify differences in respiratory muscle strength between ALS and healthy individuals at 0.89, 0.9 and 0.82, respectively. A positive correlation was recorded between FVC (%) versus SNIP, PImax and PEmax. Conclusion In ALS, monitoring respiratory muscle strength assists in early diagnosis of respiratory dysfunction as opposed to the isolated use of FVC. .


Objetivo Estudar a relação entre a força dos músculos respiratórios e a capacidade vital forçada (CVF) em pacientes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA) e sujeitos saudáveis. Métodos Avaliamos a função pulmonar e a força dos músculos respiratórios [pressão inspiratória (PImax), pressão expiratória (PEmax) e pressão inspiratória nasal de sniff (SNIP)] utilizando pontos de corte estabelecidos na literatura para diagnóstico de fraqueza muscular respiratória. Resultados Foram estudados 28 pacientes com ELA e 28 sujeitos saudáveis. Encontramos sensibilidade e especificidade para PImax, PEmax e SNIP de 75/58%, 81/67% e 75/67%. A curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) indicou que as variáveis PImax, PEmax e SNIP podem identificar diferenças na força dos músculos respiratórios em pacientes com ELA versus sujeitos saudáveis em 0,89, 0,9 e 0,82 respectivamente. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva entre CVF (%) e SNIP, PImax e PEmax. Conclusão Em pacientes com ELA, o monitoramento da força muscular respiratória auxilia no diagnóstico precoce da disfunção em detrimento do uso da CVF isolada. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/physiopathology , Muscle Strength/physiology , Respiration , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Muscle Weakness/physiopathology , Reference Values , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , Vital Capacity/physiology
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(3): 142-145, mar. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668767

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed at evaluating respiratory parameters in multiple sclerosis (MS). The sample comprised 30 patients with MS diagnosis and 30 healthy subjects, matched by gender and age. Neurological assessment, expanded disability status scale (EDSS), manovacuometry, and peak flow (PEF) were performed. Patients with MS had lower values of maximum inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures and PEF compared to healthy controls. It was shown that respiratory impairment may be present in MS patients with low functional disability by EDSS. The data suggest that manovacuometry and PEF determination should be carried out systematically in patients with MS, and may be a reliable tool for the early detection of respiratory impairment allowing early respiratory rehabilitation.


O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a função respiratória em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM). A amostra foi composta por 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de EM e 30 sujeitos saudáveis, pareados de acordo com o gênero e a idade. Foram realizados avaliação neurológica, determinação da escala expandida do estado de incapacidade (EDSS), manovacuometria e “peak flow”. Pacientes com EM apresentaram pressões inspiratória (PI) e expiratória (PE) máximas inferiores e menor PFE quando comparados aos controles saudáveis. Identificou-se que o comprometimento respiratório pode ocorrer em pacientes com EM, mesmo com baixo grau de comprometimento funcional estimado pelo EDSS. Os dados do presente estudo sugerem que a avaliação respiratória com manovacuometria e PFE deve ser realizada sistematicamente em pacientes com EM, e pode ser uma ferramenta útil para detectar precocemente comprometimento respiratório, podendo sugerir a necessidade de reabilitação pulmonar precoce em pacientes com EM.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Respiration , Case-Control Studies , Inspiratory Capacity/physiology , Multiple Sclerosis/rehabilitation , Muscle Strength/physiology , Pressure , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests/methods , Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157472

ABSTRACT

Joubert syndrome is a very rare condition seen in our country. Herein, we report a case of Joubert syndrome in a one year four months old, male baby from a consanguineous marriage presenting with delayed developmental milestone, hypotonia, abnormal respiratory pattern and nystagmus . Cranial MRI shows ‘‘Molar Tooth Sign’’.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Cerebellum/abnormalities , Cerebellar Vermis/diagnosis , Consanguinity , Eye Abnormalities/diagnosis , Humans , India , Infant , Male , Muscle Hypotonia/diagnosis , Nystagmus, Congenital/diagnosis , Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Syndrome
13.
Clinics ; 67(9): 987-994, Sept. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649374

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary involvement in rheumatoid arthritis is directly responsible for 10% to 20% of all mortality. The best way to improve the prognosis is early detection and treatment. The forced oscillation technique is easy to perform and offers a detailed exam, which may be helpful in the early detection of respiratory changes. This study was undertaken to (1) evaluate the clinical potential of the forced oscillation technique in the detection of early respiratory alterations in rheumatoid arthritis patients with respiratory complaints and (2) to compare the sensitivity of forced oscillation technique and spirometric parameters. METHODS: A total of 40 individuals were analyzed: 20 healthy and 20 with rheumatoid arthritis (90% with respiratory complaints). The clinical usefulness of the parameters was evaluated by investigating the sensibility, the specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01641705. RESULTS: The early adverse respiratory effects of rheumatoid arthritis were adequately detected by the forced oscillation technique parameters, and a high accuracy for clinical use was obtained (AUC.0.9, Se = 80%, Sp = 95%). The use of spirometric parameters did not obtain an appropriate accuracy for clinical use. The diagnostic performance of the forced oscillation technique parameters was significantly higher than that of spirometry. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study provide substantial evidence that the forced oscillation technique can contribute to the easy identification of initial respiratory abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis patients that are not detectable by spirometric exams. Therefore, we believe that the forced oscillation technique can be used as a complementary exam that may help to improve the treatment of breathing disorders in rheumatoid arthritis patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Forced Expiratory Volume/physiology , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Area Under Curve , Airway Resistance/physiology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology , Early Diagnosis , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , ROC Curve , Respiration Disorders/physiopathology , Spirometry/methods , Time Factors
14.
J. bras. pneumol ; 38(3): 339-345, maio-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-640757

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Traduzir para o português e adaptar para a cultura brasileira o Breathing Problems Questionnaire (BPQ, questionário para problemas respiratórios), assim como avaliar a sua reprodutibilidade em pacientes com DPOC. MÉTODOS: Após a tradução e a adaptação do BPQ para a cultura brasileira por um tradutor, a primeira versão foi aplicada em oito pacientes visando conhecer suas dúvidas e dificuldades. O questionário foi analisado por uma comissão de especialistas e sua versão final foi definida. Foi realizada a retrotradução por um segundo tradutor, que foi enviada para o autor original com intuito de assegurar o sentido original do questionário. Após a aprovação final do autor, 50 pacientes portadores de DPOC responderam o BPQ para avaliar sua reprodutibilidade. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio de resposta foi 9,5 min. Dos 50 pacientes, 21 eram do sexo feminino e 29 do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 65,8 ± 7,5 anos. A maioria foi classificada com DPOC moderada (29,16%) e grave (52%). O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) para o escore total foi de 0,94. Os onze domínios do BPQ e as suas duas subescalas também tiveram valores de CCI acima de 0,70. Houve correlações moderadas entre os domínios e as subescalas do BPQ. CONCLUSÕES: A tradução e adaptação do BPQ para uso no Brasil foi adequada, pois os pacientes não apresentaram dificuldades para entendê-lo e respondê-lo. Além disso, o BPQ mostrou-se confiável por apresentar boa reprodutibilidade.


OBJECTIVE: To translate the Breathing Problems Questionnaire (BPQ) into Portuguese and adapt it to the Brazilian culture, as well as to evaluate its reproducibility in patients with COPD. METHODS: After the BPQ had been translated and adapted to the Brazilian culture, it was administered to a subgroup of 8 patients in order to identify their uncertainties and difficulties. The questionnaire was reviewed by an expert committee, and its final version was arrived at. A second translator back-translated the final version into English, which was sent to the original author in order to verify that the original meaning of the questionnaire had been maintained. After the approval of the original author, the final Portuguese-language version of the questionnaire was administered to 50 patients with COPD, in order to evaluate its reproducibility. RESULTS: The mean response time was 9.5 min. Of the 50 patients, 21 were female and 29 were male. The mean age was 65.8 ± 7.5 years. Most of the patients were classified as having moderate COPD (29.16%) or severe COPD (52%). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the total score was 0.94. The ICCs for the eleven BPQ domains and its two subscales were also above 0.70. Moderate correlations were found between the BPQ domains and subscales. CONCLUSIONS: The translation and cultural adaptation of the BPQ for use in Brazil was deemed appropriate, because the patients could easily understand and answer the questions. In addition, the Brazilian version of the BPQ questionnaire was found to be reliable, showing good reproducibility.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Translations , Brazil , Health Status , Language , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/classification , Quality of Life , Reproducibility of Results
15.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 46(3): 604-611, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-640398

ABSTRACT

Estudo transversal, descritivo, que objetivou identificar as atividades da Classificação de Intervenções de Enfermagem consideradas prioritárias para Padrão Respiratório Ineficaz e não realizadas para pacientes idosos, internados em um hospital escola do estado de Goiás. Participaram do estudo 43 profissionais de enfermagem e a coleta de dados foi realizada no período de outubro a dezembro de 2008, após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética. Observou-se que, dentre as 67 atividades consideradas prioritárias para o referido diagnóstico, sete eram realizadas por todos os participantes; as demais, com frequência percentual variada, não eram realizadas, sendo o motivo principal para isto sua execução por profissional de outra área. Entende-se que a não realização destas atividades pela enfermagem pode resultar em alterações no campo de abrangência da assistência de enfermagem; que há necessidade de aparato legal na descrição das atividades que compõem a prática profissional exclusiva da enfermagem e a de natureza interdisciplinar.


The objective of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to identify the activities of the Nursing Intervention Classification considered as priorities for an Ineffective Breathing Pattern and not performed for elderly inpatients of a teaching hospital in the state of Goiás. The study participants were 43 nursing professionals, and data collection was performed in the period spanning October to December 2008, after receiving approval from the Ethics Committee. It was observed that among the 67 activities considered to be priorities for the referred diagnosis, only seven were performed by all of the participants; the other activities, with a varied frequency, were not performed, with the main reason cited being that a professional from a different area completed the activity. It is understood that the fact that the nursing staff does not perform these activities can cause lack of complete coverage in nursing care; therefore there is a need for a legal apparatus to describe the activities that comprise professional practice exclusive to nursing personnel and those activities that have an interdisciplinary nature.


Estudio transversal, descriptivo, que objetivó identificar las actividades de Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería consideradas prioritarias para Patrón Respiratorio Ineficaz no realizadas para pacientes ancianos internados en hospital escuela de Goiás. Participaron 43 profesionales de enfermería, recolección de datos realizada entre octubre y diciembre de 2008, previa aprobación por Comité de Ética. Se observó que de las 67 actividades consideradas prioritarias para el referido diagnóstico, siete eran efectuadas por todos los participantes; las demás, con frecuencia porcentual variada, no eren ejecutadas, siendo que el motivo principal para ello era la ejecución por parte de profesionales de otras áreas. Se entiende que la no realización de tales actividades por la enfermería puede resultar en una alteración del campo abarcado por la atención de enfermería; que existe necesidad de aparato legal en la descripción de las actividades que componen la práctica profesional exclusiva de la enfermería y la de naturaleza interdisciplinaria.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Nursing Diagnosis , Nursing, Team , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies
16.
Acta otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 40(4): 279-285, 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-692122

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Valorar si el uso de la dexmedetomidina es apropiado para realizar nasoendoscopias del sueño bajo sedación. Estudio: Observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo. Material y métodos: Pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de apnea del sueño por estudio poligráfico cardiorrespiratorio. A todos los pacientes se les realizó una endoscopia del sueño bajo sedación. Resultados: Un total de diez pacientes (seis masculinos y cuatro femeninos) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, y su promedio de edad era de 44,9. El 60% presentaron una circunferencia de cuello mayor de 39 centímetros. Un IMC promedio de 32,55 kg/m2. Escala de Epworth máxima de 16 y mínima de tres puntos. IAH máximo de 45 y mínimo de dos por hora. Conclusión: Con el uso de dexmedetomidina se logran periodos del sueño más parecidos al fisiológico. Se pudo realizar el estudio por más de 50 minutos, sin el riesgo de depresión respiratoria habitual que se presenta con los medicamentos sedantes convencionales …


Objective: To evaluate if the use of dexmedetomidine is appropriate for DISE. Study design: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study. Subjects and Methods: Patients with diagnosis of sleep apnea undergoing polysomnography study. All subjects underwent a DISE with dexmedetomidine. Results: A total of 10 patients met inclusion criteria. 6 males and 4 females, with a mean age 44.9. 60% file a neck circumference greater than 15 inches. A mean IBM of 32.55 kg/m2. Epworth scale maxima and minima of 16 and 3 points. AIH maxima of 45 and minima of 2 per hour. Conclusion: With the use of dexmedetomidine sleep periods were obtained more similar to the physiological. May conduct the study for more than 50 minutes without risk of respiratory depression usual with conventional drugs sedation…


Subject(s)
Humans , Apnea , Respiration Disorders , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/pathology
17.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(4): 464-470, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597198

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aceitabilidade e a reprodutibilidade da espirometria em pré-escolares; estimar o tamanho do efeito da terminação precoce da expiração (TPE) nos valores de CVF, VEF1 e VEF0,5; e avaliar a validade do VEF0,5 em curvas com TPE. MÉTODOS: Espirometrias foram obtidas em 240 pré-escolares saudáveis, selecionados por amostragem simples. Três grupos foram formados com base na melhor curva de cada criança de acordo com o término da expiração: sem TPE (sTPE); com TPE e fluxo < 10 por cento do maior PFE (TPE<10); e com TPE e fluxo > 10 por cento do maior PFE (TPE>10). Foram comparadas a reprodutibilidade da CVF, VEF1 e VEF0,5 nos três grupos. Foi avaliado o efeito da TPE em CVF, VEF1 e VEF0,5. RESULTADOS: Das 240 crianças testadas, 112 (46.5 por cento) realizaram curvas aceitáveis para todos os parâmetros - 82 (34,0 por cento) no grupo sTPE e 30 (12,5 por cento) no grupo TPE<10. Em 64 (27,0 por cento) no grupo TPE>10, as curvas foram aceitáveis apenas para VEF0,5, aumentando para 73,0 por cento a proporção de crianças com VEF0,5 válido. Não houve diferenças significantes nas médias dos parâmetros avaliados entre os grupos sTPE e TPE<10. CONCLUSÕES: Manobras com TPE e fluxo < 10 por cento do maior PFE são válidas. Em indivíduos com fluxo > 10 por cento do maior PFE, essas manobras são válidas somente para VEF0,5.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acceptability and reproducibility of spirometry in preschool children; to estimate the effect size of early termination of exhalation (ETE) on FVC, FEV1 and FEV0.5; and to evaluate the validity of FEV0.5 in curves with ETE. METHODS: Spirometric data were obtained from 240 healthy preschool children, who were selected by simple sampling. On the basis of the best curve from each child according to the end of exhalation, three groups were formed: no ETE (nETE); ETE and flow < 10 percent of the highest PEF (ETE<10); and ETE and flow > 10 percent of the highest PEF value (ETE>10). The reproducibility of FVC, FEV1 and FEV0.5 was compared among the three groups. The effect of ETE on FVC, FEV1, and FEV0.5 was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 240 children tested, 112 (46.5 percent)-82 (34.0 percent) of those in the nETE group and 30 (12.5 percent) of those in the ETE<10 group-had acceptable curves for all the parameters. In 64 (27.0 percent) of those in the ETE>10 group, the curves were acceptable only for FEV0.5, increasing the proportion of children with valid FEV0.5 to 73.0 percent. There were no significant differences between the nETE and ETE<10 groups in terms of the mean values of the parameters assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Maneuvers with ETE and flow < 10 percent of the highest PEF are valid. In individuals with a flow > 10 percent of the highest PEF value, these maneuvers are only valid for FEV0.5.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Exhalation/physiology , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiratory Function Tests/standards , Asthma/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Forced Expiratory Volume , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Respiratory Function Tests/methods , Spirometry/psychology
18.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(1): 36-45, jan.-fev. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576112

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalência de sintomas respiratórios e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas e do ambiente de trabalho. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com 464 trabalhadores das indústrias de cerâmicas localizadas no município de Várzea Grande (MT). Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário constituído de questões referentes às características sociodemográficas, ambiente de trabalho e sintomas respiratórios. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a razão de prevalência e seu respectivo IC95 por cento entre a variável dependente (sintomas respiratórios) e as demais variáveis explicativas. Na análise multivariada, foram construídos dois modelos hierárquicos, tendo como resposta as variáveis "sintomas respiratórios gerais" e "sintomas respiratórios graves". RESULTADOS: Na população estudada, a prevalência de "sintomas respiratórios gerais" foi de 78 por cento, e aquela de "sintomas respiratórios graves" foi de 35 por cento. Os fatores associados a "sintomas respiratórios gerais" foram sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, ocupação, exposição à poeira e exposição a produto químico. Os fatores associados a "sintomas respiratórios graves" foram escolaridade, exposição à poeira e exposição a produto químico. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados apontam para a presença de doenças da via aérea superior e inferior na população estudada.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and their association with sociodemographic variables and with the characteristics of the work environment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study comprising 464 workers employed at ceramics manufacturing facilities located in the city of Várzea Grande, Brazil. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire comprising questions regarding sociodemographic variables, work environment characteristics, and respiratory symptoms. Data were analyzed by means of prevalence ratios and their respective 95 percent CIs between the dependent variable (respiratory symptoms) and the other explanatory variables. In the multivariate analysis, two hierarchical models were built, the response variables being "all respiratory symptoms" and "severe respiratory symptoms". RESULTS: In the sample studied, the prevalence of "all respiratory symptoms" was 78 percent, whereas that of "severe respiratory symptoms" was 35 percent. The factors associated with "all respiratory symptoms" were gender, age bracket, level of education, type of occupation, exposure to dust, and exposure to chemical products. The factors associated with "severe respiratory symptoms" were level of education, exposure to dust, and exposure to chemical products. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the presence of upper and lower airway disease in the population studied.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Ceramics/toxicity , Health Status Indicators , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Respiration Disorders/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Educational Status , Epidemiologic Methods , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
20.
Neumol. pediátr ; 6(2): 75-79, 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-708207

ABSTRACT

Neurologically impaired children have a high incidence of coexistent respiratory problems, of multifactorial etiology. Among the main related factors are: ineffective cough, hypersalivation, dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux and lung restriction secondary to chest wall deformity. Because of this, patients with cerebral palsy and neuromuscular diseases present a high prevalence of pulmonary aspiration, which has very varied and sometimes complex clinical manifestations. a variety of imaging exams are available to clarify the etiological diagnosis of the neurological affectation (Computed Tomography -CT- and magnetic Resonance –mR), and evaluate the gastrointestinal compromise of this patients, including the diagnosis of anterograde and retrograde aspiration (upper gi Barium Radiography and Videofluoroscopic swallowing study). An early and accurate imaging diagnosis allows an appropriate clinical management, which anticipates the possible complications and allows us to choose the therapies that improve the quality of life of these children.


Los niños con severos déficits neurológicos tienen una alta incidencia de problemas respiratorios, de etiología multifactorial. Entre los factores asociados destacan la tos inefectiva, sialorrea, disfagia, reflujo gastroesofágico y restricción pulmonar secundaria a deformidades de la caja torácica. Por lo anterior, los pacientes con parálisis cerebral y enfermedades neuromusculares presentan una alta incidencia de aspiración pulmonar cuyas manifestaciones clínicas son variadas y a veces complejas. La imaginología cuenta con exámenes que resultan de utilidad en precisar el diagnóstico etiológico del compromiso neurológico (tomografía computarizada, TC, y resonancia magnética), diagnosticar y evaluar el compromiso pulmonar (radiografías simples y TC) y valorar el compromiso gastrointestinal, incluyendo el diagnóstico de aspiración anterógrada y retrógrada (radiografía de esófago-estómago-duodeno y videofluoroscopía de deglución). Un adecuado diagnóstico por imágenes permite un manejo clínico adecuado que se anticipe a las posibles complicaciones y permita elegir terapias que mejoren la calidad de vida de estos niños.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Respiratory Aspiration/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/complications , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Kyphosis/complications , Fluoroscopy , Gastroesophageal Reflux , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Sialorrhea , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Respiration Disorders/diagnosis , Video Recording
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